APCA Research - Market Penetration Study

October 2025 APCA MARKET PENETRATION RESEARCH www.ContinuumCapital.net Combined Union and Merit Trade Workforce Split (1 of 2) Breakdown of both union and merit shop workforce based on trade performed with comparison to annual gas transmission, hazardous liquid, and gathering mileage. 41 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 - 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 Mileage Trade Workforce Split TU: Supervision TU: Operators TU: Laborers TU: Teamsters or Trucking TU: Welders & Helpers TM: Supervision TM: Operators TM: Laborers TM: Teamsters or Trucking TM: Welders & Helpers Gas T, HL, & Gath. Mileage Interpretive Note: “TU” refers to Trade Union Employee Type; “TM” refers to Trade Union Employee Type Source: Propriety Continuum analysis of survey, interview, and industry data to develop and algorithm to estimate trade mixture as a function of pipeline workforce size.

RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjE3MDU=